Services incorporados en Symfony

Symfony y los bundles de terceros configuran y obtienen sus services a través del container, por lo que puedes acceder a ellos o usarlos en tus propios services. Symfony por defecto no requiere que los controllers se definan como services, e inyecta el service container en los controllers. Por ejemplo, para manejar la información de almacenamiento de la sesión de un usuario, Symfony proporciona un service session, al que puedes acceder desde un controller normal:

public function indexAction($bar)
{
    $session = $this->get('session');
    $session->set('foo', $bar);

    // ...
}

En Symfony se emplean continuamente services proporcionados por el core de Symfony o por bundles de terceros para hacer tareas como renderizar templates (templating), enviar emails (mailer), o acceder a información del request (request).

Puedes también emplear estos services dentro de services que hayas creado para tu aplicación. Vamos a utilizar el Symfony mailer service para una clase NewsletterManager, y pasaremos el templating service a la misma clase para que pueda generar el contenido del email a través de una template:

// src/AppBundle/Newsletter/NewsletterManager.php
namespace AppBundle\Newsletter;

use Symfony\Component\Templating\EngineInterface;

class NewsletterManager
{
    protected $mailer;

    protected $templating;

    public function __construct(\Swift_Mailer $mailer, EngineInterface $templating)
    {
        $this->mailer = $mailer;
        $this->templating = $templating;
    }

    // ...
}

Ahora podemos introducir las dependencias en el service:

# app/config/services.yml
services:
    app.newsletter_manager:
        class:     AppBundle\Newsletter\NewsletterManager
        arguments: ['@mailer', '@templating']

El service _app.newslettermanager ahora tiene acceso a los core services mailer y templating.

Podemos mostrar un listado de todos los services (y sus clases) que están registrados en el container con la consola, con el siguiente comando:

php bin/console debug:container

Por defecto sólo se muestran public services, pero puedes también ver private services con

php bin/console debug:container --show-private

Listado completo de services disponibles en Symfony 3

1. annotation_reader Doctrine\Common\Annotations\CachedReader
2. assets.context Symfony\Component\Asset\Context\RequestStackContext
3. assets.packages Symfony\Component\Asset\Packages
4. cache_clearer Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\CacheClearer\ChainCacheClearer
5. cache_warmer Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\CacheWarmer\CacheWarmerAggregate
6. config_cache_factory Symfony\Component\Config\ResourceCheckerConfigCacheFactory
7. console.command.sensiolabs_security_command_securitycheckercommand alias for "sensio_distribution.security_checker.command"
8. data_collector.dump Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\DataCollector\DumpDataCollector
9. data_collector.form Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\DataCollector\FormDataCollector
10. data_collector.form.extractor Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\DataCollector\FormDataExtractor
11. data_collector.request Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\DataCollector\RequestDataCollector
12. data_collector.router Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\DataCollector\RouterDataCollector
13. database_connection alias for "doctrine.dbal.default_connection"
14. debug.controller_resolver Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\Controller\TraceableControllerResolver
15. debug.debug_handlers_listener Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\EventListener\DebugHandlersListener
16. debug.dump_listener Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\EventListener\DumpListener
17. debug.event_dispatcher Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\Debug\TraceableEventDispatcher
18. debug.stopwatch Symfony\Component\Stopwatch\Stopwatch doctrine Doctrine\Bundle\DoctrineBundle\Registry
19. doctrine.dbal.connection_factory Doctrine\Bundle\DoctrineBundle\ConnectionFactory
20. doctrine.dbal.default_connection Doctrine\DBAL\Connection
21. doctrine.orm.default_entity_listener_resolver Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\DefaultEntityListenerResolver
22. doctrine.orm.default_entity_manager Doctrine\ORM\EntityManager
23. doctrine.orm.default_listeners.attach_entity_listeners Doctrine\ORM\Tools\AttachEntityListenersListener
24. doctrine.orm.default_manager_configurator Doctrine\Bundle\DoctrineBundle\ManagerConfigurator
25. doctrine.orm.default_metadata_cache alias for "doctrine_cache.providers.doctrine.orm.default_metadata_cache"
26. doctrine.orm.default_query_cache alias for "doctrine_cache.providers.doctrine.orm.default_query_cache"
27. doctrine.orm.default_result_cache alias for "doctrine_cache.providers.doctrine.orm.default_result_cache"
28. doctrine.orm.entity_manager alias for "doctrine.orm.default_entity_manager"
29. doctrine.orm.validator.unique Symfony\Bridge\Doctrine\Validator\Constraints\UniqueEntityValidator
30. doctrine.orm.validator_initializer Symfony\Bridge\Doctrine\Validator\DoctrineInitializer
31. doctrine_cache.providers.doctrine.orm.default_metadata_cache Doctrine\Common\Cache\ArrayCache
32. doctrine_cache.providers.doctrine.orm.default_query_cache Doctrine\Common\Cache\ArrayCache
33. doctrine_cache.providers.doctrine.orm.default_result_cache Doctrine\Common\Cache\ArrayCache
34. event_dispatcher alias for "debug.event_dispatcher"
35. file_locator Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\Config\FileLocator
36. filesystem Symfony\Component\Filesystem\Filesystem
37. form.factory Symfony\Component\Form\FormFactory
38. form.registry Symfony\Component\Form\FormRegistry
39. form.resolved_type_factory Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\DataCollector\Proxy\ResolvedTypeFactoryDataCollectorProxy
40. form.type.birthday Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\BirthdayType
41. form.type.button Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\ButtonType
42. form.type.checkbox Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\CheckboxType
43. form.type.choice Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\ChoiceType
44. form.type.collection Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\CollectionType
45. form.type.country Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\CountryType
46. form.type.currency Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\CurrencyType
47. form.type.date Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\DateType
48. form.type.datetime Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\DateTimeType
49. form.type.email Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\EmailType
50. form.type.entity Symfony\Bridge\Doctrine\Form\Type\EntityType
51. form.type.file Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\FileType
52. form.type.form Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\FormType
53. form.type.hidden Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\HiddenType
54. form.type.integer Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\IntegerType
55. form.type.language Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\LanguageType
56. form.type.locale Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\LocaleType
57. form.type.money Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\MoneyType
58. form.type.number Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\NumberType
59. form.type.password Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\PasswordType
60. form.type.percent Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\PercentType
61. form.type.radio Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\RadioType
62. form.type.range Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\RangeType
63. form.type.repeated Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\RepeatedType
64. form.type.reset Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\ResetType
65. form.type.search Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\SearchType
66. form.type.submit Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\SubmitType
67. form.type.text Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\TextType
68. form.type.textarea Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\TextareaType
69. form.type.time Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\TimeType
70. form.type.timezone Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\TimezoneType
71. form.type.url Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\UrlType
72. form.type_extension.csrf Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Csrf\Type\FormTypeCsrfExtension
73. form.type_extension.form.data_collector Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\DataCollector\Type\DataCollectorTypeExtension
74. form.type_extension.form.http_foundation Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\HttpFoundation\Type\FormTypeHttpFoundationExtension
75. form.type_extension.form.validator Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Validator\Type\FormTypeValidatorExtension
76. form.type_extension.repeated.validator Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Validator\Type\RepeatedTypeValidatorExtension
77. form.type_extension.submit.validator Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Validator\Type\SubmitTypeValidatorExtension
78. form.type_guesser.doctrine Symfony\Bridge\Doctrine\Form\DoctrineOrmTypeGuesser
79. form.type_guesser.validator Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Validator\ValidatorTypeGuesser
80. fragment.handler Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\DependencyInjection\LazyLoadingFragmentHandler
81. fragment.listener Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\EventListener\FragmentListener
82. fragment.renderer.esi Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\Fragment\EsiFragmentRenderer
83. fragment.renderer.hinclude Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\Fragment\HIncludeFragmentRenderer
84. fragment.renderer.inline Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\Fragment\InlineFragmentRenderer
85. fragment.renderer.ssi Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\Fragment\SsiFragmentRenderer
86. http_kernel Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernel
87. kernel
88. kernel.class_cache.cache_warmer Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\CacheWarmer\ClassCacheCacheWarmer
89. locale_listener Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\EventListener\LocaleListener logger Symfony\Bridge\Monolog\Logger
90. mailer alias for "swiftmailer.mailer.default"
91. monolog.handler.console Symfony\Bridge\Monolog\Handler\ConsoleHandler
92. monolog.handler.debug Symfony\Bridge\Monolog\Handler\DebugHandler
93. monolog.handler.main Monolog\Handler\StreamHandler
94. monolog.logger.doctrine Symfony\Bridge\Monolog\Logger
95. monolog.logger.event Symfony\Bridge\Monolog\Logger
96. monolog.logger.php Symfony\Bridge\Monolog\Logger
97. monolog.logger.profiler Symfony\Bridge\Monolog\Logger
98. monolog.logger.request Symfony\Bridge\Monolog\Logger
99. monolog.logger.router Symfony\Bridge\Monolog\Logger
100. monolog.logger.security Symfony\Bridge\Monolog\Logger
101. monolog.logger.templating Symfony\Bridge\Monolog\Logger
102. monolog.logger.translation Symfony\Bridge\Monolog\Logger
103. profiler Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\Profiler\Profiler
104. profiler_listener Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\EventListener\ProfilerListener
105. property_accessor Symfony\Component\PropertyAccess\PropertyAccessor
106. request_stack Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\RequestStack
107. response_listener Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\EventListener\ResponseListener
108. router Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Routing\Router
109. router_listener Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\EventListener\RouterListener
110. routing.loader Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Routing\DelegatingLoader
111. security.authentication.guard_handler Symfony\Component\Security\Guard\GuardAuthenticatorHandler
112. security.authentication_utils Symfony\Component\Security\Http\Authentication\AuthenticationUtils
113. security.authorization_checker Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Authorization\AuthorizationChecker
114. security.csrf.token_manager Symfony\Component\Security\Csrf\CsrfTokenManager
115. security.encoder_factory Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Encoder\EncoderFactory
116. security.firewall Symfony\Component\Security\Http\Firewall
117. security.firewall.map.context.dev Symfony\Bundle\SecurityBundle\Security\FirewallContext
118. security.firewall.map.context.main Symfony\Bundle\SecurityBundle\Security\FirewallContext
119. security.password_encoder Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Encoder\UserPasswordEncoder
120. security.rememberme.response_listener Symfony\Component\Security\Http\RememberMe\ResponseListener
121. security.token_storage Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Authentication\Token\Storage\TokenStorage
122. security.user_checker.main Symfony\Component\Security\Core\User\UserChecker
123. security.validator.user_password Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Validator\Constraints\UserPasswordValidator
124. sensio_distribution.security_checker SensioLabs\Security\SecurityChecker
125. sensio_distribution.security_checker.command SensioLabs\Security\Command\SecurityCheckerCommand
126. sensio_framework_extra.cache.listener Sensio\Bundle\FrameworkExtraBundle\EventListener\HttpCacheListener
127. sensio_framework_extra.controller.listener Sensio\Bundle\FrameworkExtraBundle\EventListener\ControllerListener
128. sensio_framework_extra.converter.datetime Sensio\Bundle\FrameworkExtraBundle\Request\ParamConverter\DateTimeParamConverter
129. sensio_framework_extra.converter.doctrine.orm Sensio\Bundle\FrameworkExtraBundle\Request\ParamConverter\DoctrineParamConverter
130. sensio_framework_extra.converter.listener Sensio\Bundle\FrameworkExtraBundle\EventListener\ParamConverterListener
131. sensio_framework_extra.converter.manager Sensio\Bundle\FrameworkExtraBundle\Request\ParamConverter\ParamConverterManager
132. sensio_framework_extra.security.listener Sensio\Bundle\FrameworkExtraBundle\EventListener\SecurityListener
133. sensio_framework_extra.view.guesser Sensio\Bundle\FrameworkExtraBundle\Templating\TemplateGuesser
134. sensio_framework_extra.view.listener Sensio\Bundle\FrameworkExtraBundle\EventListener\TemplateListener
135. service_container
136. session Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Session\Session
137. session.save_listener Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\EventListener\SaveSessionListener
138. session.storage alias for "session.storage.native"
139. session.storage.filesystem Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Session\Storage\MockFileSessionStorage
140. session.storage.native Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Session\Storage\NativeSessionStorage
141. session.storage.php_bridge Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Session\Storage\PhpBridgeSessionStorage
142. session_listener Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\EventListener\SessionListener
143. streamed_response_listener Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\EventListener\StreamedResponseListener
144. swiftmailer.email_sender.listener Symfony\Bundle\SwiftmailerBundle\EventListener\EmailSenderListener
145. swiftmailer.mailer alias for "swiftmailer.mailer.default"
146. swiftmailer.mailer.default Swift_Mailer
147. swiftmailer.mailer.default.plugin.messagelogger Swift_Plugins_MessageLogger
148. swiftmailer.mailer.default.spool Swift_MemorySpool
149. swiftmailer.mailer.default.transport Swift_Transport_SpoolTransport
150. swiftmailer.mailer.default.transport.real Swift_Transport_EsmtpTransport
151. swiftmailer.plugin.messagelogger alias for "swiftmailer.mailer.default.plugin.messagelogger"
152. swiftmailer.spool alias for "swiftmailer.mailer.default.spool"
153. swiftmailer.transport alias for "swiftmailer.mailer.default.transport"
154. swiftmailer.transport.real alias for "swiftmailer.mailer.default.transport.real"
155. templating Symfony\Bundle\TwigBundle\TwigEngine
156. templating.filename_parser Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Templating\TemplateFilenameParser
157. templating.helper.logout_url Symfony\Bundle\SecurityBundle\Templating\Helper\LogoutUrlHelper
158. templating.helper.security Symfony\Bundle\SecurityBundle\Templating\Helper\SecurityHelper
159. templating.loader Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Templating\Loader\FilesystemLoader
160. templating.name_parser Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Templating\TemplateNameParser
161. translation.dumper.csv Symfony\Component\Translation\Dumper\CsvFileDumper
162. translation.dumper.ini Symfony\Component\Translation\Dumper\IniFileDumper
163. translation.dumper.json Symfony\Component\Translation\Dumper\JsonFileDumper
164. translation.dumper.mo Symfony\Component\Translation\Dumper\MoFileDumper
165. translation.dumper.php Symfony\Component\Translation\Dumper\PhpFileDumper
166. translation.dumper.po Symfony\Component\Translation\Dumper\PoFileDumper
167. translation.dumper.qt Symfony\Component\Translation\Dumper\QtFileDumper
168. translation.dumper.res Symfony\Component\Translation\Dumper\IcuResFileDumper
169. translation.dumper.xliff Symfony\Component\Translation\Dumper\XliffFileDumper
170. translation.dumper.yml Symfony\Component\Translation\Dumper\YamlFileDumper
171. translation.extractor Symfony\Component\Translation\Extractor\ChainExtractor
172. translation.extractor.php Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Translation\PhpExtractor
173. translation.loader Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Translation\TranslationLoader
174. translation.loader.csv Symfony\Component\Translation\Loader\CsvFileLoader
175. translation.loader.dat Symfony\Component\Translation\Loader\IcuDatFileLoader
176. translation.loader.ini Symfony\Component\Translation\Loader\IniFileLoader
177. translation.loader.json Symfony\Component\Translation\Loader\JsonFileLoader
178. translation.loader.mo Symfony\Component\Translation\Loader\MoFileLoader
179. translation.loader.php Symfony\Component\Translation\Loader\PhpFileLoader
180. translation.loader.po Symfony\Component\Translation\Loader\PoFileLoader
181. translation.loader.qt Symfony\Component\Translation\Loader\QtFileLoader
182. translation.loader.res Symfony\Component\Translation\Loader\IcuResFileLoader
183. translation.loader.xliff Symfony\Component\Translation\Loader\XliffFileLoader
184. translation.loader.yml Symfony\Component\Translation\Loader\YamlFileLoader
185. translation.writer Symfony\Component\Translation\Writer\TranslationWriter
186. translator Symfony\Component\Translation\IdentityTranslator
187. translator.default Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Translation\Translator
188. translator_listener Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\EventListener\TranslatorListener
189. twig Twig_Environment
190. twig.controller.exception Symfony\Bundle\TwigBundle\Controller\ExceptionController
191. twig.controller.preview_error Symfony\Bundle\TwigBundle\Controller\PreviewErrorController
192. twig.exception_listener Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\EventListener\ExceptionListener
193. twig.loader Symfony\Bundle\TwigBundle\Loader\FilesystemLoader
194. twig.profile Twig_Profiler_Profile
195. twig.translation.extractor Symfony\Bridge\Twig\Translation\TwigExtractor
196. uri_signer Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\UriSigner
197. validator Symfony\Component\Validator\Validator\ValidatorInterface
198. validator.builder Symfony\Component\Validator\ValidatorBuilderInterface
199. validator.email Symfony\Component\Validator\Constraints\EmailValidator
200. validator.expression Symfony\Component\Validator\Constraints\ExpressionValidator
201. var_dumper.cli_dumper Symfony\Component\VarDumper\Dumper\CliDumper
202. var_dumper.cloner Symfony\Component\VarDumper\Cloner\VarCloner
203. web_profiler.controller.exception Symfony\Bundle\WebProfilerBundle\Controller\ExceptionController
204. web_profiler.controller.profiler Symfony\Bundle\WebProfilerBundle\Controller\ProfilerController
205. web_profiler.controller.router Symfony\Bundle\WebProfilerBundle\Controller\RouterController
206. web_profiler.debug_toolbar Symfony\Bundle\WebProfilerBundle\EventListener\WebDebugToolbarListener